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Sativa Description

Cannabis sativa L. is a vital herbaceous species via Central Asia, that has been utilized in folk medicine so that as an origin of textile fiber because the beginning of occasions. This fast-growing plant has lately seen an upsurge of great interest due to its multi-purpose applications: yes, it is a treasure chest of phytochemicals along with a wealthy supply of both cellulosic and woodsy fibers. Equally highly thinking about this plant would be the pharmaceutical and construction sectors, since its metabolites show potent bioactivities on human health insurance and its outer and inner stem tissues may be used to make bioplastics and concrete-like material, correspondingly. Within this review, the wealthy spectrum of hemp phytochemicals is discussed by placing a special focus on molecules of commercial interest, including cannabinoids, terpenes and phenolic compounds, as well as their biosynthetic routes. Cannabinoids represent probably the most studied number of compounds, mainly because of their number of pharmaceutical effects in humans, including psychotropic activities. The therapeutic and commercial interests of some terpenes and phenolic compounds, especially stilbenoids and lignans, will also be highlighted cellular the newest literature data. Biotechnological avenues to boost the development and bioactivity of hemp secondary metabolites are suggested by discussing the strength of plant genetic engineering and tissue culture. Particularly two systems are reviewed, i.e., cell suspension and hairy root cultures. Furthermore, a whole section is dedicated to hemp trichomes, within the light of the importance as phytochemical factories. Ultimately, prospects around the benefits from the utilisation of the -omics technologies, for example metabolomics and transcriptomics to hurry in the identification and also the large-scale manufacture of lead agents from bioengineered Cannabis cell culture, are presented.